Those past-their-prime touring rock bands play their old hits over and over. They cling to past success and are blind to their diminished influence and relevance.
Leadership practices are the same: repeating and rewarding oldies that aren’t goodies anymore. Practices one can find on the outdated leadership playlist include bosses enamored with using command and control, stereotypes that women don’t have what it takes, and hierarchies that reward narcissism while ignoring humility and real diversity of thought. Quantitative metrics like the low number of women in CEO roles and qualitative ones like job satisfaction show how these prevailing leadership paradigms are failing.
Today's leadership practices do not take into account either the “both/and” complexity or the collaboration and connectedness needed for business success. Unless and until the systems behind current leadership models change, plans to develop pro-active leaders who embrace people, principles and profits and whom people want to follow, don't have a chance.
Business leaders are forged into and rewarded for being economic warriors. The winners – the ones with a singular focus on growing the bottom line and maximizing shareholder return – take the spoils. Competition out-trumps collaboration. Task completion gets the performance blue ribbon while relationship-building is lucky to get an honorable mention. Managing paradoxical tensions and fostering engagement aren’t even on the radar screen.
Research tells us that social systems “are interested in the processes which enable the ‘powerful’ to maintain the privileges which are associated with it and the status quo.” As such, established practices and mindsets are bequeathed from one generation of leaders to the next like a secret lodge handshake.
Books, seminars and advice on how to fit in, break through the glass ceiling or play the game abound for women, minorities and men who don’t know the secret old boy’s club handshake or who didn’t inherit the “power over” gene. However, aren’t we missing the point here? Isn't it time to revisit the round hole rather than continue focusing on the square peg? Fitting in isn't the answer. Creating and practicing a whole new model of inclusive leadership is.
Leadership definitions, competencies, stories, methods, models and compensation need a dramatic make-over.
It's time to eliminate the “I win/you lose” mentality, and make way for a wider spectrum of both “take care” and “take charge” behaviors.
-Take charge practices involve using one’s head to plan, organize, direct and manage.
-Take care practices require using one’s heart to lead with courage, compassion, connection and collaboration.
This inclusive, paradoxical approach requires leaders to be both task- and relationship-oriented, empathetic and accountability-focused, confident and humble, and on and on. (Recent advances in neuroscience and mental strategies takes away our excuses and tells us this inclusive model is possible. Encouraging people to adopt the new behaviors is contingent upon changing competencies, compensation, etc.)
This new leadership orientation isn’t a menu in which one selects either “take care” or “take charge” methods. The new leadership framework is complex, full of dualities, and fueled by a desire to create, contribute and make a sustained collective difference.
Organizations must hire, train and promote leaders who augment either/or problem-solving with both/and polarity thinking. Doing so fosters a work environment in which both task completion and employee engagement matters. (Many both/and examples exist.)
I've seen it happen all too frequently in my corporate America days: the senior team goes off to a multiple day leadership development outing where they learn about collaboration, inclusion and being a Level 5 leader. Upon returning, the first question their boss asks isn't "what did you learn and how will you apply it" but rather "why are sales down" or "why is production in the Iowa plant below target." The realities of a workplace focused on economics takes precedence over practicing inclusive relationship-focused behaviors. What gets rewarded gets done.
While leadership practices do need to change sooner rather than later, it’s unrealistic to expect a radical and/or quick transformation given the breadth and depth of the required changes. (But let's keep the hope!) The most likely outcome is an evolutionary process in which systems, stories and practices morph into the new take care/take charge leadership model over time.
Early adopter executives and/or those (both men and women) who were never taught and/or who reject the old paradigm will lead the transformation. Business processes, results and profits will improve because of the wider spectrum of perspectives used to manage the business. The old guard will eventually take notice as nothing succeeds like success.
Warning: bold change requires bold thought so these starting points aren't for the faint of heart - seat belts might be required!
Fire Wall Street. Since the late 1980’s, leaders have managed publicly-held organizations to please Wall Street and shareholders, often harming internal stakeholders and business operations in the process. The still ongoing recession has proven Wall Street not to be the best role model. Now’s the perfect time for a bold and audacious CEO to announce at a quarterly Wall Street analyst call, “Thank you for your advice, which I'm ignoring by-the-way, to achieve double-digit revenue growth by reducing front-line labor costs. I’ll run my company to maximize returns to both stakeholders and shareholders.”
Up-end executive compensation. That bold and audacious CEO who just fired Wall Street must be willing to scrap all compensation plans at all organizational levels and begin anew in designing compensations plans that reward triple bottom line performance (people, planet and profits). Say goodbye to the second and third homes, posh private travel and all those other luxury perks that come with pay rates 343 times greater than the average worker.
Tell new stories and build new rituals. Outlaw stories told in reverential tones about personal heroics and individual achievement. Instead, gather around the corporate camp fire and regale one another with tales of humble yet determined leaders who value people, principles and profits.
Write a new leadership script. Scotch the singular emphasis on behaviors that support only logical, rational and objective outcomes. Reweave the leadership model to include achieving win-win outcomes, supporting and recognizing subordinates, and driving employee engagement and participation. New leadership practices must include "heart and soul" as Tom Peters points out in many of his writings.
Adopt polarity thinking as a new leadership competency. Polarity thinkers know how to manage strengths so they don’t become weaknesses. They eschew one-sided ideology in favor of exemplifying F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “true test of a first-rate mind is the ability to hold two contradictory ideas at the same time.” New model leaders won’t choose between people and the bottom-line, they’ll maximize both.
Clean house. Pink slip those who refuse to embrace and practice inclusive both/and thinking and who continue to use bottom line economics as the only success yardstick.
Nuke performance reviews. End the pencil-whipping appraisal that fosters either/or problem-solving, ignores those capable of managing paradoxes, and reduces productivity. A couple of meaningful suggestions scribbled on a napkin over a lunch-time dialogue will do more to move leadership performance than any automated performance appraisal tool that rewards the wrong behaviors. A few years ago, Samuel Culbert, wrote a great WSJ piece in which he outlined how performance reviews work against development and disrupt teamwork. Robert Sutton, Stanford professor and author, echoed the same sentiments in a blog post that prompted many people to share their disappointing experiences with reviews.
Change how development happens. Lose the one-size-fits-all development programs. Replace them with bespoke blueprints incorporating blended learning solutions, mentors, sponsors and informal learning. Dr. Ellen Weber of the MITA Center suggests replacing mentoring with mind-guiding, a reciprocal learning and leading process.
Kudos to Amy Diederich, President Braithwaite Innovation Group; Anne Perschel, President Germane Consulting; Mike Henry, President Lead Change Group; and Dr. Barry Johnson. All comfort zone pushers extraordinaire.
Clients and colleagues clamoring for a better way
Hi Jane
I am drawn to the concept you have explained of 'polarity thinking' as in my work in the Middle East I see many examples of this. Paternalism & democracy; cultural traditions & 21st century practices; new technology communication & the need for 'group' discussion round a table. I could name more. The leadership challenge is indeed to pick a way through.
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Fantastic, Jane. The one size fits all errant mentality in professional development starts much earlier, doesn't it? Your blueprint would do well adjusted to the education sector as well...
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Ms. Perdue,
Your article is very timely concerning companies that have had great successes in the past but are struggling in today's environment. The key point that really struck a cord with me is that early adapters will lead the change by using new ways to inspire others. The "boys network" really boils down to leaders surrounding themselves with yes people versus surrounding themself with people that both challenge the leader and encourage calculated risk. I think individuals will need to make tough chooses as they try to create a more enlightened management team. Are we willing to take the charge to upend the old network?
Sincerely, Donna
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Jane,
Barry Johnson's framework of Polarity Thinking sheds a much needed light on the actions leaders can choose to gain and sustain success.
Polarity Mapping provides an explicit way for a leader to be more intentional and conscious. In your example, a leader can determine how well he/she is managing the delicate balance between Taking Charge AND Taking Care of People. It's about getting the best of both over time.
That's the power of the "AND"...
Thank you, Jane!!
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Exceptional post, Jane! I will add a (dangerous!) new dimension: the idea that women, and men, need to be empowered to be more of who they are meant to be and less of who they are not - as individuals, at home, and in the workplace.
I am working with the To Be a Woman global platform for empowerment and we'll be launching an effort later this year that encourages women to embrace their feminine side and bring all of the essences of womanhood to their roles in the workplace. We think women have been told they need to act like men for way too long. The corporate world needs the insights and courage that women bring, just as it needs every essence that men bring to their work. We need to be empowered to balance each other by being more of ourselves, rather than competing with each other and trying to be more of each other.
When women, and men, are genuinely empowered to bring their True Selves to work, and to find roles that are a perfect fit for their True Selves, then personal satisfaction in the workplace will finally begin to rise. People will be able to lead from within themselves because they'll finally be connected with who they really are. Seems so simple...but not easy.
Best of luck, Jane!
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Nicely done Jane. We've been working on articulating a new model of leadership within a specific field of public policy - workforce. But we've come to realize the implications go far beyond the field (not surprising since it was informed by many disciplines). We call it WEadership. One of the gaps we uncovered across many disciplines is that of capacity building - many people recognize that the hero-leader model is insufficient (and was probably never sufficient), but we're still training people to be leaders largely on the basis of that model (CCL and the folks in this crowd excepted). The other interesting thing is that the significant gaps in reimagining leadership are not between public and private sectors but between large institutions and smaller orgs/networks. Suggests new kinds of collaboration.
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Kristin - thanks for your kind words. It sounds as if you and your organization are on the cutting edge in creating a new leadership model. I love what you've named it - the "WE" conveys so much. Existing leadership practices don't reward those who "think less about me and more about we" and place a premium on competition rather collaboration. Look forward to hearing more about your work!
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Jane - This is an excellent thoughtful piece, and a substantive contribution the leadership thought and practice. I hope many who have an opportunity to lead and to influence leaders will take it to heart and mind. You are being the change about which you speak, thinking boldly and articulating bold thoughts. I am honored to named as someone who pushes your comfort zones and deeply appreciative of the conversations we've had that advance our thinking about leadership and business.
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Anne -
Thanks for your kind words, innovative approaches, our thoughtful discussion and to you being that "unstoppable force" for women leaders in business. Here's to transforming paradigms and managing paradox!
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Thanks Jane for spending the time to put your thoughts in writing. As I read this hack, I did a quick search of direct reports to my CEO. I found 3 names of women. One was his admin, one was his Program Director, but only one was a VP - VP of Human Resources. Though I'm very thankful for that one female VP, it is also very disappointing and frankly de-motivating. I was once told by the VP of Manufacturing that the reason he hires women is that they work twice as hard for half as much. My examples are not meant to put men down because I have equal as many good stories to share. My point though is to fire up women. We need to believe we are good enough and as deserving. Most importantly, we need to believe we are part of the change.
The good news is that the change is underway. As an example, I am part of an accelerated MBA program in Silicon Valley. Traditionally, the average female representation in a MBA course is about 30%. This is the first year in the history of the program that there is over 50% female representation! This is the first of many steps but a good start.
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Mozhdeh -
Your comment that women need to get fired up aligns with findings from research Dr. Anne Perschel and I conducted on women in business and their relationship to power. 52% of the barriers women identified to them securing power were internal ones.
With business practices and norms in flux, now is the perfect time for women to choose to take charge of their own internal challenges – liking themselves, having self-confidence, and being secure about the value of their contributions. By doing so, they can step up and claim their personal power. Then, women can use their professional power to transform the business culture by eliminating existing organizational barriers and correcting misperceptions.
Women must be the change they seek to create. Personal power comes first. It serves as the foundation for acquiring professional power, which in turn becomes the platform for changing legacy organizational stereotypes, practices, and cultures. One cannot happen without the other, and our study participants told Anne and I they want to do both.
Kudos for participating in your accelerated MBA program. As you so accurately point out, having 50% female enrolles is a great starting point.
Thanks for adding to the richness of the discussion!
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I just spent two days as a guest of Chick-fil-A and Giant Impact in Atlanta. Both organizations "get" your points above Jane. I choose to use different adjectives and labels though. You see, as a member of the male gender, calling good or bad things male or femail tends to create (at least for me) the same polarization we're trying to eliminate.
In reality, your practices above are sustainable. When we violate long-term sustainability for short-term greed we create a new problem. The behaviors you mention above are beneficial in the long run. Just look at Chick-fil-A. We understand them. But our greed and our financial system inspire us to be willing to forego the long run in exchange for reaping a greater return in the instant.
One suggestion I'd make along the lines changing the focus is to increase the tax capital gains (in the shorter run) and reduce it on corporate income and dividends. Then public organizations and their shareholders would be rewarded for paying dividends rather than raising their stock price. The stock price would increase as a function of the company's ability to pay a good dividend over time.
Thanks for the thoughtful hack. Mike...
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Mike -
Delighted to hear that there are two organizations you've observed up close and personal that have changed and/or are changing the paradigms of leadership.
I agree that labels are devisive and that leadership and business practices won’t change because women start thinking like men or men begin behaving like women. It will happen, however, when bold and audacious men, women and CEO's make it a business imperative to redefine how leadership is practiced, measured, and rewarded within their organizations. When the focus shifts from being solely economic warriors to people, principles and profits...that's when real change happens.
Thanks for leading the charge on leading change, Mike!
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I think you're saying it, but I want to be pointed about it. The behaviours that are promoted in business are typically male ones - competition, task-orientation, finding a single answer and moving on, back-slapping frat-boy communications, etc. . These are NOT bad things. Yet they aren't the whole picture. Women bring inclusion, collaboration, empathy and give everyone a voice. What is needed is leadership and business practices that value both. That the old boys clubs go away and are replaced with places where greater diversity is recognized and rewarded.
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MacKenzie - you're right in categorizing many of today's leadership practices as being more masculine. I intentionally did not go the masculine/feminine route as I didn't want to address stereotypes with more stereotypical labels...how's that for a double bind! I'm a huge proponent of polarity thinking and firmly believe that business practices today need a large infusion of it. (Polarity thinking: interdependent/paradoxical pairs of values, often competing, that need each other over time to gain and maintain performance or support a common purpose.) As you so accurately state, the male dominant traits are the ones more highly regarded (i.e. competition) than the feminine ones (collaboration). Neither one is right or wrong in and of itself. What is wrong (in my view) is solely focusing on one at the expense of the other. Thanks for sharing your views!
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Extremely interesting. So often "reorganization" translates to little else than "huge lay-offs"...when what truly needs to be "re-organized" is the leadership paradigm within an organization.
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I certainly believe that business has got to find a better way to operate and Jane seems to have an excellent, well thought out plan. It is time that leaders start learning to see both sides of a win-win (company-employee) situation instead of focusing only on the win with the dollar sign. Yes, Virginia, you can have both!
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Perhaps another way of looking at this is in the call for a "revolution." And who typically has led revolutions? The little guy.
Leadership within small companies can use as much of this change as the large companies, but smaller companies are much easier to turn around. Think fishing boat (company under 50 ppl) vs. Titanic (corporate america). If we make changes starting with small, privately owned companies first.. then perhaps the big companies will follow, slowly but surely.
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You're right on so many points, including, unfortunately, just how tough change will be. The people in the best positions to make rapid & significant change also have the most to lose by doing so. I hope those leaders smart enough, brave enough, will take note of the changing world and communications dynamics around them. They should realize that if they don't embrace new corporate/leadership mentalities difficult changes may be made *for* them!
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Jane - very nice article!
I am hopeful that one day, the upper leadership (and I use the term loosely) in my organization realizes that the "my way or the highway" / "I win/you lose" mentality is unproductive. Otherwise, why hire people who are thinkers and doers? Change your hiring profile to obtain weak, simple-minded individuals who will always say "yes" and "how high?". We have a lot of those "cultural cobwebs" to dust away, I believe...
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Thanks much for your kind words!
What you write about hiring so resonates. I was just speaking with a former colleague yesterday who remarked that he felt like using his brain wasn't necessary any more. All his organization wanted was just arms and legs to do what the senior folks at corporate decreed.
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Jane, good words.
How about this -- fundamentally we need to shift away from our model where we divide the world into leaders and followers? It seems that mindshift would go a long way toward achieving what you advocate.
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David -
Thanks for your kind words. I certainly believe that anyone - regardless of job title or not - can be a leader. CCL is doing some fascinating work around the premise that leadership can happen without followers. I advocate for a whole new leadership model. Today's practices reward the wrong behaviors and perpetuate stereotypes. In my view, this singular focus on the bottom line has to change before leadership development practices that produce well-rounded leaders can take root.
I just had a (disturbing to me) email exchange with a fellow who says the sole purpose of business is making a profit anyway one can. Yikes! As long as this mindset prevails, there's little room in most board rooms for leaders who bring soul, compassion and engagement. I agree with Henry Ford, "A business that makes nothing but money is a poor kind of business."
Thanks for furthering the discussion,
Jane
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